Low Frequency Narrow-Band Calls in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Signal Properties, Function, and Conservation Implications

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2011

Department

Psychology

Abstract

Dolphins routinely use sound for social purposes, foraging and navigating. These sounds are most commonly classified as whistles (tonal, frequency modulated, typical frequencies 5-10 kHz) or clicks (impulsed and mostly ultrasonic). However, some low frequency sounds have been documented in several species of dolphins. Low frequency sounds produced by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) were recorded in three locations along the Gulf of Mexico. Sounds were characterized as being tonal with low peak frequencies (mean = 990 Hz), short duration (mean = 0.069 s), highly harmonic, and being produced in trains. Sound duration, peak frequency and number of sounds in trains were not significantly different between Mississippi and the two West Florida sites, however, the time interval between sounds within trains in West Florida was significantly shorter than in Mississippi (t=3.001, p=0.011). The sounds were significantly correlated with groups engaging in social activity (F=8.323, p=0.005). The peak frequencies of these sounds were below what is normally thought of as the range of good hearing in bottlenose dolphins, and are likely subject to masking by boat noise. (C) 2011 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/1.3641442]

Publication Title

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volume

130

Issue

5

First Page

3068

Last Page

3076

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