Date of Award

Spring 2019

Degree Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

School

Interdisciplinary Studies and Professional Development

Committee Chair

Hammett Q. Brown

Committee Chair School

Interdisciplinary Studies and Professional Development

Committee Member 2

Cyndi H. Gaudet

Committee Member 2 School

Interdisciplinary Studies and Professional Development

Committee Member 3

Heather M. Annulis

Committee Member 3 School

Interdisciplinary Studies and Professional Development

Committee Member 4

Dale L. Lunsford

Committee Member 4 School

Interdisciplinary Studies and Professional Development

Abstract

Despite efforts to improve the designs and benefits of workplace wellness programs (WWPs), there are two major problems preventing employers from optimizing the human capital of their employees: (a) many WWPs are limited and do not include an exercise component, which increases the potential for chronic health conditions; and (b) more than 50% of employees are reluctant to participate in WWPs due to the common barriers of time, convenience, and location. A lack of physical activity is a problem because studies have shown that chronic conditions increase rates of absenteeism and presenteeism, both of which increase productivity loss. Additionally, low participation rates in WWPs impact the future costs of employee health. For these reasons, employers are now more interested in innovative tools that enhance WWP dynamics such as the use of wearable technology devices as wearables can increase cost-effectiveness and mitigate barriers to employee participation. This embedded mixed methods study aimed to explain the relationship between the physical activity levels of employees and their rates of productivity by measuring their steps taken and rates of health-related absenteeism and presenteeism in an 8-week WWP. The qualitative portion of this study consisted of select participants providing journal entries focused on their use of a wearable device and the impact the features of the device had on their physical activity and well-being. Forty-one participants began the intervention, but only 38 completed the program. Six participants started and completed the qualitative portion. The results did not show a significant relationship between physical activity and health-related absenteeism. However, the results did indicate a significant relationship between physical activity and rates of presenteeism. The study used a thematic analysis to determine results for the qualitative portion. The results indicated that participants found the step tracking features of the wearable device to be most motivational as competition with others and meeting goals were primary drivers. Additionally, the participants noted improvements in sleep, focus and concentration, time management skills, and relatedness with others in the workplace. The study results show that investments in wearable technology for employee health can positively impact productivity levels and employee participation in WWPs.

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