Local Exercise Does Not Prevent the Aortic Stiffening Response to Acute Prolonged Sitting: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Authors

William S. Evans, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow
Lee Stoner, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow
Quentin Wiley, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Elizabeth Kelsch, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow
Daniel P. Credeur, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Erik D. Hanson, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-1-2019

School

Kinesiology and Nutrition

Abstract

Prolonged sitting has been shown to promote endothelial dysfunction in the lower legs. Furthermore, it has been reported that simple sitting-interruption strategies, including calf raises, prevent leg endothelial dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether prolonged sitting affects central cardiovascular health, or whether simple sitting-interruption strategies prevent impaired central cardiovascular health. This study sought to answer two questions: in young, healthy adults 1) does prolonged sitting (3 h) lead to increased aortic stiffness, and 2) do intermittent calf raise exercises to prevent pooling prevent aortic stiffening. Twenty young, healthy participants (21.7 ± 2.5 yr, 70% female, 25.5 ± 6.1 kg/m²) were randomized to 3 h of sitting with (CALF) or without (CON) 10 calf raises every 10 min. Aortic stiffening [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV)] was measured in the supine position pre- and post-sitting. Venous pooling during sitting was estimated with total hemoglobin (tHB) concentration using near-infrared spectroscopy. There were no condition × time interactions. Following 3 h of sitting, PWV significantly increased (0.30 ± 0.46 m/s, P < 0.001). There was no condition effect for PWV (P = 0.694), indicating the intermittent calf rises did not preserve central cardiovascular health. tHb was not significantly affected by sitting (P = 0.446) but was 1.9 μM higher for CON versus CALF (P = 0.106). Sitting increases aortic stiffness in young, healthy individuals, a process that may be influenced by lower extremity blood pooling. Calf raises, which have been reported to preserve vascular function in the legs, do not appear to provide sufficient stimulus for maintaining central cardiovascular health.

Publication Title

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volume

127

Issue

3

First Page

781

Last Page

787

Recommended Citation

Evans, W. S., Stoner, L., Wiley, Q., Kelsch, E., Credeur, D. P., Hanson, E. D. (2019). Local Exercise Does Not Prevent the Aortic Stiffening Response to Acute Prolonged Sitting: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Journal of Applied Physiology, 127(3), 781-787.
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/16588