Endothelium Function Dependence of Acute Changes In Pulse Wave Velocity and Flow-Mediated Slowing

Authors

Lee Stoner, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow
Keeron Stone, University of GloucestershireFollow
Gabriel Zieff, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillFollow
Jade Blackwell, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jake Diana, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Daniel P. Credeur, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Craig Paterson, University of Gloucestershire
Simon Fryer, University of GloucestershireFollow

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-3-2020

Department

Kinesiology

School

Kinesiology and Nutrition

Abstract

Flow-mediated slowing (FMS), defined as the minimum pulse wave velocity (PWV_min) during reactive hyperemia, is potentially a simple, user-objective test for examining endothelial function. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of a known endothelial dysfunction protocol on arm PWV and PWV_min. Complete data were successfully collected in 22 out of 23 healthy adults (23.8 years [SD 4.1], 16 F, 22.8 kg/m² [SD 2.8]). Local endothelial dysfunction was induced by increasing retrograde shear stress in the upper arm, through inflation of a distal (forearm) tourniquet to 75 mmHg, for 30 min. Pre- and post-endothelial dysfunction, PWV was measured followed by simultaneous assessment of PWV_min and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). PWV was measured between the upper arm and wrist using an oscillometric device, and brachial FMD using ultrasound. FMD (%) and PWV_min (m/s) were calculated as the maximum increase in diameter and minimum PWV during reactive hyperemia, respectively. Endothelial dysfunction resulted in a large effect size (ES) decrease in FMD (∆ = −3.10%; 95% CI: –4.15, –2.05; ES = −1.3), and a moderate increase in PWV (∆ = 0.38 m/s; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.69; ES = 0.5) and PWV_min (∆ = 0.16 m/s; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.28; ES = 0.6). There was a large intra-individual (pre- vs post-endothelial dysfunction) association between FMD and PWV_min (r = −0.61; 95% CI: –0.82, –0.24). In conclusion, acute change in PWV and PWV_min are at least partially driven by changes in endothelial function.

Publication Title

Vascular Medicine

Recommended Citation

Stoner, L., Stone, K., Zieff, G., Blackwell, J., Diana, J., Credeur, D. P., Paterson, C., Fryer, S. (2020). Endothelium Function Dependence of Acute Changes In Pulse Wave Velocity and Flow-Mediated Slowing. Vascular Medicine.
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/17523