Dissolved and Particulate Barium Distributions Along the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic and East Pacific Zonal Transects (GA03 and GP16): Global Implications for the Marine Barium Cycle

Authors

Shaily Rahman, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Alan M. Shiller, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Robert F. Anderson, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia UniversityFollow
Matthew A. Charette, Woods Hole Oceanographic Instituteion
Christopher T. Hayes, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Melissa Gilbert, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Karen R. Grissom, University of Southern MississippiFollow
Phoebe J. Lam, University of California, Santa CruzFollow
Daniel C. Ohnemus, University of Georgia
Frank J. Pavia, Lamont-Doherty Eart Observatory of Columbia UniversityFollow
Benjamin S. Twining, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesFollow
Sebastian M. Vivancos, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-1-2022

School

Ocean Science and Engineering

Abstract

Processes controlling dissolved barium (dBa) were investigated along the GEOTRACES GA03 North Atlantic and GP16 Eastern Tropical Pacific transects, which traversed similar physical and biogeochemical provinces. Dissolved Ba concentrations are lowest in surface waters (∼35–50 nmol kg⁻¹) and increase to 70–80 and 140–150 nmol kg⁻¹ in deep waters of the Atlantic and Pacific transects, respectively. Using water mass mixing models, we estimate conservative mixing that accounts for most of dBa variability in both transects. To examine nonconservative processes, particulate excess Ba (pBa_xs) formation and dissolution rates were tracked by normalizing particulate excess ²³⁰Th activities. Th-normalized pBa_xs fluxes, with barite as the likely phase, have subsurface maxima in the top 1,000 m (∼100–200 μmol m⁻² year⁻¹ average) in both basins. Barite precipitation depletes dBa within oxygen minimum zones from concentrations predicted by water mass mixing, whereas inputs from continental margins, particle dissolution in the water column, and benthic diffusive flux raise dBa above predications. Average pBa_xs burial efficiencies along GA03 and GP16 are ∼37% and 17%–100%, respectively, and do not seem to be predicated on barite saturation indices in the overlying water column. Using published values, we reevaluate the global freshwater dBa river input as 6.6 ± 3.9 Gmol year⁻¹. Estuarine mixing processes may add another 3–13 Gmol year⁻¹. Dissolved Ba inputs from broad shallow continental margins, previously unaccounted for in global marine summaries, are substantial (∼17 Gmol year⁻¹), exceeding terrestrial freshwater inputs. Revising river and shelf dBa inputs may help bring the marine Ba isotope budget more into balance.

Comments

Shaily Rahman et al, 2022, Dissolved and particulate barium distributions along the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic and East Pacific Zonal Transects (GA03 and GP16): Global implications for the marine barium cycle, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, , Citation number, 10.1029/2022GB007330. To view the published open abstract, go to https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GB007330.

Publication Title

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Volume

36

Issue

6

Recommended Citation

Rahman, S., Shiller, A. M., Anderson, R. F., Charette, M. A., Hayes, C. T., Gilbert, M., Grissom, K. R., Lam, P. J., Ohnemus, D. C., Pavia, F. J., Twining, B. S., Vivancos, S. M. (2022). Dissolved and Particulate Barium Distributions Along the US GEOTRACES North Atlantic and East Pacific Zonal Transects (GA03 and GP16): Global Implications for the Marine Barium Cycle. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 36(6).
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/19997