Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2026

School

Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Abstract

Background: Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity continues to be a significant clinical concern, while effective and safe protective options remain limited. The nephroprotective potential of Maesa ramentacea has not yet been explored. To address this gap, the present study investigated the ethanolic leaf extract of M. ramentacea (MR-LEE) for its effects on gentamicin-induced kidney injury in Wistar rats. Methods: GC-MS profiling was employed to identify bioactive metabolites. Rats were categorised into five groups: control, gentamicin (100 mg/kg), gentamicin combined with silymarin (100 mg/kg), gentamicin combined with MR-LEE (200 mg/kg) and gentamicin combined with MR-LEE (400 mg/kg). Renal biomarkers, oxidative stress indicators, inflammatory and apoptotic markers and histopathological evaluations were conducted. Results: Nine bioactive metabolites have been identified using GC-MS. Gentamicin significantly elevated serum creatinine (1.17 ± 0.13 mg/dL), urea (69.9 ± 3.44 mg/dL), uric acid (5.52 ± 1.15 mg/dL) and LDH (4770 ± 480 U/L) compared to the control group (p = 0.0001). MR-LEE at 400 mg/kg significantly decreased creatinine (0.65 ± 0.05 mg/dL), urea (45.3 ± 2.66 mg/dL) and LDH (4250 ± 380 U/L) (p = 0.0001), approaching the levels observed with silymarin. Gentamicin increased TNF-α (58.8 ± 4.6 pg/mg), IL-6 (53.1 ± 2.23 pg/mg) and caspase-3 (37.6 ± 2.44 ng/mg) (p = 0.0001), but MR-LEE 400 mg/kg significantly decreased these levels to 33.1 ± 2.3, 29.5 ± 2.33 and 21.5 ± 1.66, respectively (p = 0.005). MR-LEE restored antioxidant enzyme levels (GSH, SOD and CAT) and reduced lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by histological analyses showing decreased tubular necrosis and nearly normal renal architecture. Conclusion: MR-LEE appeared to exert a notable, dose-dependent nephroprotective effect. Future research should focus on isolating active components and elucidating molecular mechanisms to facilitate translational use.

Comments

The published version of record is available from the publisher at: https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6127118

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Publication Title

Veterinary Medicine International

Volume

2026

Issue

1

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