Selective Breeding of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for Growth and Resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-11-2002
Department
Coastal Sciences, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory
Abstract
From 1995 to 1998, the Oceanic Institute operated a breeding program for Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, based on a selection index weighted equally for growth and resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV). In 1998, two separate breeding lines were established. One line was selected 100% for growth (Growth line) and a second line was selected on an index weighted 70% for TSV resistance and 30% for growth (TSV line). After one generation of selection, select shrimp from the Growth line were 21% larger than unselected control shrimp (24.2 vs. 20.0 g). The half-sib heritability (h(2)) estimate for growth was 0.84 +/- 0.43(s.e.) and realized h(2) was 1.0 +/- 0.12. Females were 12.7% larger than males. Shrimp tails accounted for 65.1% of total body weight and males had a significantly higher percent tail than females (65.7% vs. 64.5%; P < 0.001). Half-sib h(2) for percent tail was 0.15 +/- 0.12. In the TSV line, there was an 18.4% increase in survival to TSV between select and control shrimp after one generation of selection (46.4% vs. 39.2%). Realized h(2) for TSV resistance was 0.28 +/- 0.14 and h(2) on the underlying scale was 0.30 +/- 0.13. However, select shrimp in the TSV line were 4.6% smaller than control shrimp (22.6 vs. 23.7 g) and there was a negative genetic correlation between mean family growth and mean family survival to TSV [-0.46 +/- 0.18(s.e.)]. Percent females per family ranged from 39.7% to 69.2% and averaged 51 % female, but h(2) for sex ratio was zero, indicating that it is not feasible to select for a higher percentage of females. Significant improvements in growth and TSV resistance can be made in L. vannamei through selective breeding; however, the negative genetic correlation between growth and TSV resistance must be considered when developing breeding plans. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication Title
Aquaculture
Volume
204
Issue
3-4
First Page
447
Last Page
460
Recommended Citation
Argue, B. J.,
Arce, S. M.,
Lotz, J. M.,
Moss, S. M.
(2002). Selective Breeding of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for Growth and Resistance to Taura Syndrome Virus. Aquaculture, 204(3-4), 447-460.
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/3686