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Abstract

Teacher-student verbal interaction is a key method of encouraging active learning and participation in classroom activities. It significantly improves the effectiveness of teaching and learning in primary mathematics. Teachers at different developmental stages show obvious behavioral differences in the process of classroom interaction with students, and an in-depth analysis of these differences can help promote the professional growth of novice teachers. Based on the Classroom Smart Evaluation System (CSMS), this study compares and analyzes the teacher-student interaction behaviors of novice and expert teachers based on two co-curricular lessons on multiplication of 5 in second-grade primary mathematics. It was found that these two types of teachers differed in five aspects: classroom structure, teaching style, classroom emotional atmosphere, teacher-student questions and answers, and teacher-student thinking development. The study advises novice teachers to reduce their control in the classroom to enhance students’ engagement and subjectivity. Furthermore, they should focus on providing more positive feedback to create a supportive classroom atmosphere. Developing effective questioning skills is also essential, as it can diversify the types of questions posed. Additionally, teachers should be aware of their questioning habits and the various learning styles of their students to improve the alignment between teachers’ and students’ thinking

First Page

296

Last Page

314

Ethics Approval

Yes

Declaration Statement

(a) Data availability statement: The datasets analysed in this study were made available to the public upon request from the relevant project teams.

(b) Funding statement: This study did not receive any specific funding from funding organisations in the public, commercial or non-profit sectors.

(c) Conflict of interest disclosure: The authors do not report any potential conflicts of interest.

(d) Participant consent statement: The data used in this study are the datasets of the project teams involved in the application.

(e) Permission to reproduce material from other sources: Not applicable.

(f) Clinical trial registration: Not applicable.

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