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Abstract

This paper explores the development and implementation of the Smart Site Safety System (4S) with artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR) technologies from the perspectives of various stakeholders in the construction industry. It aims to shed light on the voluntary adoption of the 4S as a safety benchmark on construction sites by examining the views of developers and contractors, assessing implementation processes, identifying potential challenges, and suggesting relevant training initiatives. Preliminary work was conducted at two active construction sites in collaboration with selected innovation and technology firms. This approach offered several advantages, including comprehensive testing, leveraging established business relationships, and minimizing initial development costs. The first interview took place during the installation phase of the project, with a follow-up interview conducted nine months later. This systematic method helped mitigate risks, address relevant requirements, and overcome implementation obstacles. Furthermore, the participating companies are committed to ongoing research, incorporating VR training sessions with AI monitoring designed to leverage workers’ expertise and ensure effective role alignment within the 4S framework. This research positions the 4S initiative within the context of educational technologies, demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting self-directed learning and skill development through analyses of interviews. The interviewees include safety officers, centralized management platform operators, and the programming team members. This forward-thinking approach addresses the industry's urgent need for capacity building and skill enhancement, supporting a smooth transition to a safer and more sustainable workplace.

First Page

20

Last Page

39

Ethics Approval

Not Applicable

Declaration Statement

Declaration Statement

Data availability statement: The raw data supporting the research article will be made available upon proper request to the corresponding author.

Funding statement: N/A.

Conflict of interest disclosure: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval statement: N/A.

Participant consent statement: N/A.

Permission to reproduce material from other sources: N/A.

Clinical trial registration: N/A.

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